Internal combustion engine



May 2, 1933- H. D. CHURCH INTERNAL COMBUSTION. ENGINE Filed'Maroh 17, 1930 2SheetsSheet 1 /N VENTO/e HAROLD D. CHURCH BY www A TTORNEY May 2, 1933. H. D. CHURCH INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINE Filed March 17, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 /N VENTO/e HAROLD D. CHURCH ATTORNEY PafenfdMaymm* f "1,906,531

:UNITED oFFICE Vnencini D."GBURCHQon-cLnVLANDfomo; ssIeNoR 'rol THE WH'rn MoronJ COMPANY; or CLEVELAND, omo.v 'AY coRroR-A'rron or tonfo( INTERNAL coilfrnirsroivEnceinte n App-Klicauonmdmarch 17,1930: serial No; i-36,431;

rl `his invention relates tointerna-l combusclearance spaces 14a' may vary from about tion engines, and has for its object to effect. aboutfone-fourth of an inch between( surf certainimprovements inthe constructiongof faces to the'smallest permissible mechanical internal combustionengines of the highcom-y clearance,` depending upon-the size and shape 755 pression'type, u -L J of thecoordinated parts oftheengine. B5

The invention contemplatesa :novel ,enl- T-he block 10 is further formed With/a i gine construction` embodying van;V effective K Water'jacket 15, andapluralityf of recesses combination; of welll-recognized detonation 16` which communicate `With the cylinders controlling featuresincludingcompactlcom- 11 through restricted openings l'formed by 1 "7170 bustion vchambers `having large surface tok thel inner edges of they'walls 14 and the fopvolume ratios,;s mallclearancespaces Superf positewallsof'the cylinders. c y adjacent the pistons in communicationwith Therecessesvl join With complementary the combustion chambers, proper locationof recesses 18 formed ina pair of cylinder head the ignitionV devices with `'respect to the excover plates 19 to formthe combustion chamhaust valves andthe combustionchambers, bers 20' of the engine. f The cover plates 19 35 i.'e'., inthe vicinityfof the exhaust valves andv yare secured to the sidey of the block, 10 by in the centralportion ofthe chambers,and means "of studs 21 and nuts `22, and coml an arrangement Of parts `which `produces pressed betweenthe machined surface 19a of A high turbulence of the ymixture Ldurifngthe each plate and they abutting machined sul'- V* CAA2o intake andvcompression periods; .t face ofthe block there is a gasket 23. Y '70 Other ,ob'ectsvandadvantages Will appear vThe combustion chambers 20 Vare each proin the yfollowing description when read in vided With-an intake passage 24, an exhaust connection with the accompanying` drawings, passage 25, anda sparkplug 26. y The yinletin Which#-y l y y l and exhaust passages 24 and 25 are controlled "32B Figure 1 is a fragmentary side elevation ofV by poppet valves 27, and extend laterally` and "75 a four cycle gasoline engine embodyingthis upwardly through the block 10 connecting invention, the right hand cylinderhead cover fthe combustionjchanibers with an inlet maniplate being removed so as to show the infold y28`-and an exhaust manifold 29. ..The g terior of the Vcombustion chambersr i j spark plugs are mounted in the cover plates 30 u ,Figure 2 is section taken on line r 2"-'2 of 19 opposite the exhaust valves, and are con 'u Figure 1, the piston` being shown Yat the nected to a conventional ignition systemnot upper end of its stroke, and .c t shown.k f 1 V- l Figure Sis asectionftakcn OnaI line @Orref The valves 27 are actuated by a .camshaft ,Y SpOIldllgWh lille 3-3 Of FgUIP/Zl f f 30 driven from the engine crank shaft by 1* 35 -Referring to the drawings,j the engme` means 0f a driving vConnection (not Shown). as l therein uUStv-Iated.COIUPISGSQCYHDGI blOQk The cam shaft 30is` journallediin the'webs 10.111 the .Cylmdm's 11 0f Whlfh'arenfoullted .31 ofa casing 32 supported on the side'of the the 51ml llstons l2; Opemvtwely fcomle--ted rblocklO, andy 'operates' the valves'27 through 'by means oflconnecvtimg rods "lgfrito' a -crankthe Lin'strumental'ity` of rocker -arms 33 "40 Shah (not Sholvm' .c f mounted' on a shaft 34 supported in the webs As clearly shown in F1gures2 and y3 ofthe Blof the` Casina l v f drawings,` the block 10 isfforlned With'laterall th, U d" t. .t ,u be n Walls 14 Wh-ich extend across and partially y 'f'orin g-Holbomb ecrlpbln 1 will close the upper ends ofthe cylinders, and Seent 'ata 1g dagree 0 tur u ence W1 I 'l-5 which are so located Withifrespect to the-pis- Created .Within th Cylinders 11 dllrngithe V95 ton, connecting rod, and crankshaft assem-rmtake Perlod; by th@ laterally dlrre'ctekd' bly that their lower surfaces are; separated StlelIIlSfOf IIllXtUIQQHlltGCl IOID the inlet from the upper surfaces ofthe pistons 12 by; IJLSSagKS.l 24,'. and' thatl aV higher degree ofl small clearance spaces 14a when thepistons turbulence vvillbe'created within the combus- '5150 are at the upper ends of their strokesQ `The t1onzchambers 20-` duringthe compression `1`00 by the previously mentioned features, viz.,

compact combustion chambers, sinallclearance spaces superadjacent the pistons, proper location of the spark plugs, and an arrangenient of parts producing high turbulence of 4 the mixture during intake and compression periods.

Although the foregoing description is necessarily of a detailed character in order that the invention may be completely set forth, it is to be understood that the specific terminology is not intended to be restrictive or confining' and that various rearrangements of parts and modification vof structural details may be resorted to Without departing from the spirit or scope of this invention.

I claim as my invention l 1. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a cylinder, a piston'in said cylinder, a combustion chamber adjoining and communicating restrictively with one end of said cylinder, said cylinder being other- Wise closed at its aforesaid end by a wall the inner surface of which lies closely adjacent the end of the piston whenV the piston is at the end of its compression stroke, inlet and 'outlet ports in one of the side Walls .of said chamber,`and an ignition device mounted in the opposite side Wall of said chamber.

2. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a cylinder, ay piston in said cylinder, a combustion chamber adjoining and communicating restrictively with one end of said cylinder at one side thereof, said cylinder being otherwise closed at its aforesaid end by a Wall the inner surface of which 'lies closely adjacent the end of the piston when the piston is at the end of its compression stroke, an inlet port andan outlet port in one of the side Walls of said chamber, and an ignition device mounted in the opposite side Wall of said chamber opposite said exhaust port and in the central portion of said chamber.

'3. InV an internal combustion engine, the combination of a cylinder, a piston in said cylinder, a combustion chamber communicating with one end of said cylinder through an orifice having an area loss than one-half the area of said cylinder, said cylinder being otherwise closed at its aforesaid end by a Wall the inner surface of which lies closely adjacent thel end of the piston when the piston is at the end of its compression stroke, inlet and outlet, ports in one of the side Walls of said chamber and an ignition device mounted in the opposite side Wall of said chamber.Y

4. In an internal combustion engine,a plurality of aligned cylinders, pistons in said said cylinders by a distance less than the distance by Which they overlap said cylinders, Walls closing the ends of said cylinders except for the passages formed by the aforesaid overlapping combustion chambers, said Walls being so locatedthat their inner surfaces are separated from theends of the pistons by small clearance spaces when the pistons are at the ends of their compression strokes, inlet and. exhaust ports in the corresponding side Walls vofsaid chambers, and ignition devices in theopposite side Walls of said chainbers.`

i 5. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a cylinder, a piston in said cylinder, acombustion chamberof substan- -tially rectangular cross section arranged to communicate restrictively with one end of said cylinder, said cylinder being otherwise closed at its aforesaid end by a Wall, the inner surface of'which lies closely adjacent the end of the piston When the piston is at the end of its compression stroke, inlet and outlet ports in one of the side walls of said chamber, and an ignition device mountedin the opposite side Wall of said chamber.

6. In aninternal combustion engine, the combination of a cylinder, a combustion chamber for said cylinder disposed at one side ofV said cylinder in overlapping relation thereto, said combustion chamber having a Width substantially equal to the distance by which it overlaps the cylinder, and a length greater than that necessary to span the cylinder Wliereby pockets are formed at the ends of said combustion chamber, the design of said combustion chamber being such that it comniunicates With said cylinder through a restricted opening having an area substantially equal to one-half the cross sectional area of said cylinder, a wall enclosing the end of said cylinder except for the passage formed by the aforesaid overlapping combustionchamber, said Wall being so located that its inner surface is separated from the end of the piston by a small clearance When the piston is at the end of its compression stroke, inlet and exhaust conduits leading into said combustion Achambenvalves for controlling sai d inlet and exhaust conduits, and ignition means associated Vwith said combustion chamber.

In testimony whereof I hereunto affix my signature this 4th day of` March, 1930.

HAROLD D. CHURCH. 

